Forensic image of Mozart's manuscript ink analysis, showing three different inks under magnification.

Three Inks, One Lie

The Forensic Truth Behind Mozart’s Catalogue

Published on June 2025

by Luca Bianchini

How do you catch a forger in the act? Sometimes, all you need is a microscope, a good algorithm, and the courage to question what everyone else accepts as gospel.

For over two centuries, the so-called “personal catalogue” of Mozart—that neat little notebook, supposedly filled in by Wolfgang himself—has been treated as untouchable holy writ. Musicologists, publishers, and even Mozart’s fans have used it to date his works, settle disputes, and (sometimes) build entire careers.

Except… there’s just one problem: the story doesn’t add up. The more you look, the more the cracks show. And when you analyse the ink—really analyse it—the lie becomes impossible to hide.

Our research (spoiler: not everyone liked it) revealed:

  • The catalogue uses at least three different inks, with distinct RGB “fingerprints”. Some of these inks appear years apart, but stay magically unchanged. Mozart, it seems, was either a chemist ahead of his time or… there’s another hand at work.
  • Watermarks in the paper date from after Mozart’s death. That’s one ghostwriter too many.
  • The handwriting—from musical clefs to the most basic German articles (“der”, “die”, “das”)—fails every forensic test for authenticity. Even the signatures look suspiciously… practiced.
  • Historical records? Nobody (not his father, not his sister, not his publisher) mentions this catalogue until it “appears” on the market years after Mozart’s death, right when his widow, Constanze, needed to boost the family business.

In short:
The so-called “Thematic Catalogue” is a beautiful fake, produced with remarkable skill, but still a fake. The proof? Hidden in plain sight, in the way the ink glows under forensic analysis and in the discrepancies that pile up when you stop worshipping the myth and start reading the evidence.

Want the full story—with all the data, images, and uncomfortable details?

Read the full paper on Zenodo

“A Mozart forgery is like a magic trick: impressive, until you know where to look.”

Luca Bianchini on Mozart’s so-called Thematic Catalogue
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